最新刊期
      卷 ， 期 3 ， 1998
      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980307
        摘要：This paper addresses the problem of neural-network-based control mechanism of Blackboard of image understanding system.Blackboard architecture has been used as a model for intelligent information fusion in π, A feedforward neural network model was proposed as the Backboard control mechanism of π. The blackboard architecture was developed to deal with the difficult characteristics of the speech understanding problem: a vary large search space: erroneous or incomplete input data, and imprecise and/ or incomplete problem-solving knowledge and it has proven to be popular for AI problems. The image understanding system requires a problem-solving model that supports the incremental development of solutions, can apply diverse types of knowledge, and can adapt its strategy to the particular problem situation. The neural-network-based control mechanism of the blackboard can offer efficient control for information extraction by image understanding system π.  
          
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980301
        摘要：A method for quantitative evaluation and qualitative analysis to the performance such as detected backscattering signal, optical background noise and signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of the airborne laser scanning rangefinder is proposed. The problems such as the relations between SNR and detected signal, background noise and detected range are discussed. The ratio of threshold-to-noise for constant probability of false alarm is also given. All of these can be used as a scientific basis for the use in the fields of remote sensing as well as surveying and for the improvement of airborne laser scanning ranging system, the analysis method can be generalized for different airborne or satellite carried laser scanning rangefinder.  
        关键词：Airborne laser scanning ranging;Detected signal;Background noise;Signal-to-noise ratio   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980313
        摘要：本文针对前人研究粮食生产系统空间变化的不足，选择１９８５与１９９４两个年份的分县粮食生产统计数据为依据，运用地理信息系统（ＣＡＳ／ＧＩＳ）做为分析手段；从空间变化特征、变化成因及变化趋势３个方面，着重对１９８４年以来的我国粮食总产的空间变化进行了定量研究。结果表明：在过去十年里，我国粮食增产量主要来自北方，南方粮食产量地位明显下降；今后，南方粮食减产区将会进一步扩大，北方将成为我国粮食生产发展的重点。  
        关键词：地理信息系统;中国;粮食生产;空间变化   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980303
        摘要：Minimum Absolute Weight （MAW） prediction tree technique is one of the efficent lossless compression techniques for multispectral image data, but its algorithm is complex. In this paper we proposed an improved method which changes the definition of the 4-neighborhood model. we call it side neighborhood minimum absolute weight （SNMAW） prediction tree technique. lt can simplify the algorithm and improve the results of lossless compression.  
        关键词：Lossless compression;Prediction tree;Arithmetic coding   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980314
        摘要：本文根据植被类型分布与地理环境因子的关系，在地理信息系统和遥感技术支持下，通过ＧＩＳ叠加、统计分析操作，建立植被分布与年积温、降水量、海拔高度、土壤类型等环境因子的定量化知识向量表。综合应用所得到的地学知识向量表和植被光谱特征值进行分类试验，得到研究区的植被分布图。文章以贺兰山地区为例，详细介绍该方法的应用。  
        关键词：遥感影像;植被分类;定量化知识;地理信息系统   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980306
        摘要：Remote sensing data was analyzed by fractal geometry method to quantitatively explain remote sensing images. Three fractal dimension measurement methods, the line-divider （or contour） method, the variogram method and the trianguiar prism method. were programmed. The Landsat TM data of Tengchong area were used to compute the fractal dimensions by the line-divider method. That the contour length was computed by the row method, the column method and the row-column method can find oriented image patterns. When the patterns of images are obviously oriented, measured D values from the row method are different from the column method. Measured D values from the row-column method are hardly influenced by oriented patterns. When R （the coefficient of determination） > 0.9, all D values from them can present the spatial interrelationships within image data. By fractal measurement,both the characteristics of the whole image data-base and each value of the image data-base can be described, the disorder in appearance and the rule in inherence in remote-sensing data can be brought to light,and it will be possible to relate D values to ground objects to explore useful information of various natural phenomena.  
        关键词：Remote-sensing data;Fractal dimension;Fractal measurement;Image;Line-divider method;Tengchong   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980312
        摘要：本文首先分析影响ＧＩＳ应用系统业务化运作的主要因素，以城市规划国土管理局“图文办公信息系统”为例，提出可业务化运作的ＧＩＳ应用系统的设计目标；对此类系统的应用功能和运作模式进行了设计，包括业务流、控制流、可视化界面及网络环境等。针对图文系统集成的实现，提出了图文数据流与控制流集成表达以及邦联式图文数据库模式集成等方法。最后，对其今后发展方向进行了讨论。  
        关键词：GIS;图文办公信息系统;业务化运作软件行为可视化;数据库模式集成   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980305
        摘要：A new method for generation of fractal Images is presented in this paper. To synthesize fractal Images, fractional Brownian motions are used which are obtained by a new means-recursive space filtering. The power spectrum of fractional Brownian motion can be used to determine the frequency-response of the two-dimensional shaping filter of fractional Brownian motion, then the shaping filter whose frequency response is circularly symmetric and exponentially decaying can be designed using a method based on one-dimensional prototype filter and rotation transforms. The fractional Brownian motion based fractal Image with desired fractional dimension can be generated by applying its shaping filter to a Gaussian distributed white process.  
        关键词：Fractal Image;Fractional Brownian motion;Power spectrum;Shaping filter;frequency-response;Digital filter design   
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      • Sun Hongyu,Wang Changyao,Niu Zheng,Bukhosor
        Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980309
        摘要：本文利用１９８５－１９９０年连续６９个月的ＮＯＡＡ时间序列数据，进行中国植被覆盖变化的空间，以及时间序列分析，并且结合同期的月平均气温、降水数据，进行植被覆盖变化与气候因子相关性分析。该文证实了在中国植被覆盖随时间的推移规律，空间分布规律，以及植被覆盖变化与气温、降水的定量关系。  
        关键词：植被覆盖变化;时间序列分析;相关分析   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980310
        摘要：In situ hyperspectral data obtained with a high spectral resolution radiometer were analyzed for idendfication of six conifer species. Hyperspectral data were measured in the summer and late fall seasons from both the sunlit and . shaded sides of canopies. An artificial neural network algorithm was applied for the identification purpose. Six types of transformation were applied to the hyperspectral data R preprocessed with a simple smoothing followed by band merging. These include log（R）, first derivative of R, first derivative of log（R）, normalized R, first derivative of normalized R, and log（N（R））. First derivative of log（R） and fist derivative of normalized R resulted in best species recognition accuracies with greater than 94% average accuracies. The effect of hyperspectral data taken from the shade sides of tree canopies can be minimized by applying normalization or by taking derivative after applying logarithm to the preprocessed data. We found that a big difference in solar angle due to seasonality did not cause noticable difference in accumcies of species recognition. A band width of 20nm or narrower is recommended for the recognition of the six species.  
        关键词：Hypenpectral data;Data transformation;Band width;Conifer species recognition   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980304
        摘要：This paper studied mode identification of aerial high resolution multispectral images and has successfully identified the crown injected metal ion solution. The comparison of classification results between neural network and maximum likelihood rule indicates that neural network is better in both of classification accuracy and rate.  
        关键词：neural network;Maximum likelihood rule;Mode identification;Metal ion;Crown   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980302
        摘要：It is very important to study forest radar backscattering mechanism for forest microwave remote sensing applications. ln this paper, we use the discontinuous canopy microwave backscattering model in conjunction with the ground truth measurements to model the radar backscatter behavior from pine forests at the Zhaoqing area, Guangdong Province. lt is very well for the model to predict the radar backscatter of pine stand at L-, and C-band, and the contribution from each of the scattering mechanisms to the total backscatter is calculated. The results are used to discuss the effect of the physical properties of the forest components on the radar backscatter. They are also used to show not only the backscatter but also the relative contribution from various scattering mechanisms that will help in the quantitative interpretation of SAR data. So the comparison of the backscatter coefficients from the model prediction and SIR-C data is done, and the radar backscatter mechanism of pine forests is analyzed and discussed.  
        关键词：SIR-C;Forest radar backscatter mechanism;Analysis   
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      • Shi Wenzhong,Liu Wenbao (Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
        Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980308
        摘要：ＧＩＳ建库数据中系统误差的控制是当前ＧＩＳ数据质量研究领域的重要方向之一。本文提出一种直接估计系统误差综合效应的黑箱方法，而传统的仿射变换将成为该法的特例。文中首先阐述黑箱方法的基本原理，然后根据多元统计学工具建立黑箱校正模型，最后给出模型辨识和参数辨识的具体方法。  
        关键词：地理信息系统;数据质量;系统误差;几何校正;黑箱   
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      • Issue 3, (1998) DOI: 10.11834/jrs.19980311
        摘要：There an a lot of different types of remotely sensed information sources, and various information abstraction methods by the development of remote sensing technique. But the improvement of the analysis accuracy is difficult because of the limit of remotely sensed data. Dynamic Comprehensive Hierachy Discriminatory Analysis Method proposed in this paper can concentnte the advantage of various information abstrction methods to improve the final accuracy in remote sensing application. An application case study on soil erosion intensity analysis for Xinchang county, Zhejiang Province shows a very good effect.  
        关键词：Discriminatory analysis;Dynamic hienchy discriminatory analysis;Soil erosion   
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